You have searched for '',
more then 100 articles have been found, please refine your search
Swine vesicular disease affects pigs / swine of all ages. The effects of SVD are fever, inappetence, lame ness, vesicles or ulcers on feet, mouth, udder, snout.
Swine pox occurs worldwide affecting piglets pre-weaning, weaners, (all-ages). The effects of swine pox are red spots, brown or black scabs, conjunctivitis, stunting.
Swine dysentery (SD) occurs worldwide, but many herds are SD free. In particular weaners, growers/finishers of all ages are affected. The effects of Swine dysentery are diarrhoea with mucus and sometimes blood, weight loss, reduced feed conversion, death.
Sunburn is a problem for pigs of all ages worldwide. It is most serious in young pigs but may occur in adults. Effects are red tender skin, refusal to mate, abortion, embryo losses.
Streptococcus suis infection occurs worldwide, although some herds are free. It affects pre-weaning, weaners and growers / finishers. The effects of Streptococcus suis infection are arthritis, nervous signs, stunting, fever, death.
Stillbirths occur worldwide. A rate higher than 7% of piglets born dead is significant.
Splay leg occurs worldwide in newborn pigs (swine). It effects are muscle weakness and difficulty standing.
Small litters occurs worldwide. The average number of piglets born are around 10 for gilts and 11 for sows.
Salt poisoning occurs worldwide and affects pigs of all ages. The effects are tremor, prostration, convulsions, death.
Salmonellosis occurs worldwide. The effects of salmonellosis death, fever, diarrhoea, nervous signs. All ages are affected (especially growers / finishers). There is a risk for human health.
Tuberculosis occurs worldwide in growers / finishers, gilts, sows, boars, there is also some human risk. The effects are abattoir condemnations (especially heads and offals).
T
r
i
c
h
i
n
o
s
i
s
i
s
c
a
u
s
e
d
b
y
a
n
e
m
a
t
o
d
e
w
o
r
m
,
T
r
i
c
h
i
n
e
l
l
a
s
p
i
r
a
l
i
s
(
a
n
d
s
o
m
e
o
t
h
e
r
s
p
e
c
i
e
s
o
f
T
r
i
c
h
i
n
e
l
l
a
)
c
a
u
s
e
s
n
o
c
l
i
n
i
c
a
l
e
f
f
e
c
t
s
o
n
t
h
e
p
i
g
b
u
t
r
e
p
r
e
s
e
n
t
s
a
m
a
j
o
r
z
o
o
n
o
t
i
c
h
a
z
a
r
d
t
o
t
h
o
s
e
c
o
n
s
u
m
i
n
g
I
m
p
e
r
f
e
c
t
l
y
U
n
d
e
r
c
o
o
k
e
d
o
r
c
u
r
e
d
p
o
r
k
p
r
o
d
u
c
t
s
.
T
r
i
c
h
i
n
o
s
i
s
.
.
.
T
o
r
s
i
o
n
o
c
c
u
r
s
w
o
r
l
d
w
i
d
e
u
s
u
a
l
l
y
i
n
p
r
e
g
n
a
n
t
s
o
w
s
o
n
o
n
c
e
d
a
i
l
y
o
r
l
e
s
s
f
r
e
q
u
e
n
t
f
e
e
d
i
n
g
r
e
g
i
m
e
s
w
h
e
r
e
t
h
e
a
n
i
m
a
l
s
a
r
e
h
u
n
g
r
y
a
n
d
w
h
e
r
e
a
l
a
r
g
e
q
u
a
n
t
i
t
y
i
s
f
e
d
a
t
o
n
c
e
.
I
t
c
a
n
a
l
s
o
a
f
f
e
c
t
g
r
o
w
e
r
s
/
f
i
n
i
s
h
e
r
s
a
n
d
g
i
l
t
s
.
&
n
b
s
p
;
T
h
e
e
f
f
e
c
t
s
a
r
e
d
i
s
t
e
n
d
e
d
a
b
d
o
m
e
n
.
.
.
T
h
i
n
s
o
w
s
y
n
d
r
o
m
e
a
f
f
e
c
t
s
s
o
w
s
w
o
r
l
d
w
i
d
e
.
T
h
e
e
f
f
e
c
t
s
o
f
t
h
i
s
d
i
s
e
a
s
e
a
r
e
w
e
i
g
h
t
l
o
s
s
a
n
d
a
n
o
e
s
t
r
u
s
.
T
h
e
c
l
a
s
s
i
c
a
l
l
y
c
o
n
d
i
t
i
o
n
r
e
s
u
l
t
s
f
r
o
m
a
c
o
m
b
i
n
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
P
a
r
a
s
i
t
i
s
m
(
h
e
l
m
i
n
t
h
o
r
m
a
n
g
e
)
,
l
o
w
e
n
v
i
r
o
n
m
e
n
t
a
l
t
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
e
s
a
n
d
i
n
a
d
e
q
u
a
t
e
f
e
e
d
i
n
t
a
k
e
,
.
.
.
Transmissible gastro-enteritis occurs worldwide. All ages are affected and the effects of TGE are illness, watery diarrhoea, pre-weaning mortality.
Tooth grinding is usually an indicator of pain in the pig and occurs in animals with serious internal injuries or disease. It occurs worldwide and affects sows. The effects are teeth surfaces are ground together repeatedly.
Tail biting occurs worldwide in weaners, growers / finishers. The effects of tail biting are bleeding or damaged tails, paralysis or condemnation from spinal abscesses.
Vulval discharge occurs in sows and gilt worldwide. It can be a white, yellow or gray discharge from the vulva and maybe due to infertility.
V
o
m
i
t
i
n
g
a
n
d
w
a
s
t
i
n
g
d
i
s
e
a
s
e
o
c
c
u
r
s
w
o
r
l
d
w
i
d
e
i
n
p
r
e
-
w
e
a
n
i
n
g
p
i
g
l
e
t
s
.
T
h
e
e
f
f
e
c
t
s
a
r
e
m
o
s
t
l
y
n
o
i
l
l
n
e
s
s
,
b
u
t
c
a
n
b
e
v
o
m
i
t
i
n
g
,
w
e
i
g
h
t
l
o
s
s
,
c
o
n
s
t
i
p
a
t
i
o
n
,
i
n
a
p
p
e
t
e
n
c
e
,
n
e
r
v
o
u
s
s
i
g
n
s
.
&
n
b
s
p
;
V
o
m
i
t
i
n
g
a
n
d
w
a
s
t
i
n
g
d
i
s
e
a
s
e
i
s
c
a
u
s
e
d
b
y
i
n
f
e
c
t
i
o
n
o
f
y
o
u
n
g
p
i
g
l
e
t
s
.
.
.
Rotavirus occurs worldwide and affects pre-weaning piglets and weaners. There is human risk involved. The effects are in appetence, diarrhoea, vomiting, stunting.
Returns to service is an issue for gilts and sows worldwide. Returns to service is caused by a failure of mating or of pregnancy.
Regional ileitis (RI) occurs worldwide, especially high health status herds. It affects weaners and growers / finishers. The effects of Regional ileitis are diarrhoea, weight loss, sudden death, small intestine thickened.
Rectal Stricture occurs worldwide and affects growers and finishers. The effects of rectal stricture are abdomen enlargement, inappetence, ribbon-like diarrhoea.
PRRS (Porcine Rreproductive and Respiratory Syndrome) occurs worldwide (a few countries still free) in swine of all ages. The effects are illness, conjunctivitis, inappetence, mummies, still birth, abortion, pre-weaning mortality, cough,infertility.
Prolonged farrowing occurs worldwide in gilts and sows. The effects are no birth after more than an hour straining. More than 30 minutes delay between births, stillbirths and MMA
Proliferative haemorrhagic enteropathy (PHE) occurs worldwide, especially high health status herds. It affects growers / finishers, gilts. The effects are sudden death, black or blood-stained dung.
Prolapsed rectum occurs worldwide and affects growers and finishers of all ages. The effects are red lining protrudes from anus or rectum.
Pre-weaning mortality occurs worldwide, affecting pre-weaning piglets. The effects are over 10% mortality of pigs born alive.
P
r
e
s
s
u
r
e
s
o
r
e
s
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
o
n
p
i
g
s
(
s
o
w
s
/
b
o
a
r
s
)
w
h
i
c
h
a
r
e
c
o
n
f
i
n
e
d
t
o
a
h
a
r
d
l
i
v
i
n
g
a
r
e
a
o
r
i
n
a
r
e
a
s
o
f
c
l
o
s
e
c
o
n
t
a
c
t
b
e
t
w
e
e
n
p
i
g
a
n
d
a
h
a
r
d
s
t
r
u
c
t
u
r
e
.
T
h
e
y
a
r
e
p
a
r
t
i
c
u
l
a
r
l
y
c
o
m
m
o
n
i
n
a
n
i
m
a
l
s
w
h
i
c
h
a
r
e
p
a
r
a
l
y
s
e
d
(
f
o
l
l
o
w
i
n
g
s
t
r
e
p
t
o
c
o
c
c
a
l
m
e
n
i
n
g
i
t
i
s
o
r
b
o
w
e
l
.
.
.
Post-weaning respiratory disease complex (PRDC) occurs worldwide in growers and finishers. The effects are increased cull, Deaths, coughing and difficult breathing.
PRCV (porcine respiratory coronavirus) has occurredN. America and Europe since 1986. It affects pig / swine of all ages. Often there are no signs, there may be a cough, fever and inappetence.
PCVAD occurs North America and in Spain since 1996. It affects weaners and effects wasting, poor growth, breathing difficulty, diarrhoea, jaundice, death. The disease was previously known as: Post-Weaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome (PMWS)
Porcine stress syndrome occurs worldwide in pigs (swine) of all ages. The effects of porcine stress syndrome are tremors, rigidity, sudden death, PSE meat, malignant hyperthermia, back muscle wasting.
P
r
o
l
i
f
e
r
a
t
i
v
e
e
n
t
e
r
o
p
a
t
h
y
(
P
E
,
I
l
e
i
t
i
s
)
-
i
s
t
h
e
c
o
n
d
i
t
i
o
n
w
h
i
c
h
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
s
i
n
t
o
n
e
c
r
o
t
i
c
e
n
t
e
r
i
t
i
s
(
N
E
)
,
r
e
g
i
o
n
a
l
i
l
e
i
t
i
s
(
R
I
)
,
p
o
r
c
i
n
e
i
n
t
e
s
t
i
n
a
l
a
d
e
n
o
p
a
t
h
y
(
P
I
A
)
a
n
d
p
r
o
l
i
f
e
r
a
t
i
v
e
h
a
e
m
o
r
r
h
a
g
i
c
e
n
t
e
r
o
p
a
t
h
y
(
P
H
E
)
.
I
t
i
s
a
w
o
r
l
d
w
i
d
e
d
i
s
e
a
s
e
t
h
a
t
e
s
p
e
c
i
a
l
l
y
.
.
.
Pneumonia occurs worldwide in weaners, growers / finishers. The effects are inappetence, fever, cough, breathing difficulty, blue skin. Effects of Pneumonia are inappetence, fever, cough, breathing difficulty and blue skin.
Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae occurs worldwide (many free herds) in weaners, growers / finishers.
The effects are Pleurisy, pneumonia, cough, breathing difficulties, poor growth, sudden death.
Parvovirus occurs worldwide in pigs / swine of all ages, however the effects are obvious only during pregnancy. The effects are delayed returns, not-in-pig (NIP), mummies and stillbirths.
Oedema disease occurs worldwide in weaners. The effects of Oedema disease are sudden death, jowl swelling, nervous signs.
Not in pig (NIP) occurs worldwide in gilt and sows. The effects are neither pigs served farrow or return to heat.
N
i
p
a
h
d
i
s
e
a
s
e
o
c
c
u
r
s
M
a
l
a
y
s
i
a
i
n
n
e
w
b
o
r
n
,
w
e
a
n
e
r
s
,
g
r
o
w
e
r
s
/
f
i
n
i
s
h
e
r
s
,
g
i
l
t
s
,
s
o
w
s
,
b
o
a
r
s
(
a
l
s
o
a
f
f
e
c
t
s
h
u
m
a
n
s
,
b
a
t
s
,
c
a
t
s
,
d
o
g
s
,
r
a
t
s
,
h
o
r
s
e
s
)
.
E
f
f
e
c
t
s
o
f
N
i
p
a
h
d
i
s
e
a
s
e
a
r
e
c
o
u
g
h
i
n
g
,
f
e
v
e
r
,
r
e
s
p
i
r
a
t
o
r
y
d
i
s
t
r
e
s
s
,
o
f
f
f
o
o
d
,
t
r
e
m
b
l
i
n
g
,
h
e
a
d
p
r
e
s
s
i
n
g
,
s
p
a
s
m
s
,
.
.
.
Neonatal mortality affects newborn piglets worldwide. It is significant if more than 3% within a 24 hour period.
Necrotic enteritis (NE) occurs worldwide, especially in high health status herds. It affects weaners, growers and finishers. NE effects are diarrhoea, wasting, pallor, black dung, sudden death.
Navel bleeding affects newborn piglets worldwide. The effects are blood trails, pale skin and death.
Mycotoxicosis occurs worldwide in pigs / swine of all ages. The effects are inappetence, death, hyperoestrogenism, infertility, small litters.
Mycoplasma arthritis occurs worldwide affecting pre-weaning piglets, weaners, growers / finishers, gilt and boars. The effects of this disease are arthritis, lame ness, inappetence, stunting.
Mummified foetuses is a worldwide problem for pigs / swine. It effects about 1% of foetuses
Mulberry heart disease (MHD) occurs worldwide in weaners, growers / finishers. The effects of MHD are inappetence, weakness and sudden death.
MMA (mastitis, metritis, agalactia) occurs worldwide in gilts and sows after farrowing. The effects of MMA are that within 48 hrs of farrowing - inappetence, hungry piglets, fever, hard udder.
M
i
l
k
s
p
o
t
l
i
v
e
r
a
f
f
e
c
t
s
w
e
a
n
e
r
s
a
n
d
g
r
o
w
e
r
s
/
f
i
n
i
s
h
e
r
s
w
o
r
l
d
w
i
d
e
.
T
h
e
r
e
i
s
a
l
s
o
&
n
b
s
p
;
a
r
i
s
h
t
o
h
u
m
a
n
s
.
I
t
r
e
s
u
l
t
s
f
r
o
m
l
a
r
v
a
l
m
i
g
r
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
A
s
c
a
r
i
s
s
u
u
m
w
o
r
m
s
.
T
h
e
e
f
f
e
c
t
s
o
f
t
h
e
d
i
s
e
a
s
e
a
r
e
c
o
n
d
e
m
n
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
l
i
v
e
r
s
a
n
d
l
u
n
g
s
,
r
e
d
u
c
e
d
g
r
o
w
t
h
a
n
d
f
e
e
d
.
.
.
Meningitis occurs worldwide in pigs / swine of all ages. The effects of meningitis are inappetence, trembling, twitching, abnormal eye movements, convulsions and death.
Mastitis occurs worldwide in gilt and sows. The effects are hot hard swollen udder, or chronic lumps, illness may be sow, piglet mortality.
Related: Agalactia, MMA
M
a
n
g
e
i
n
p
i
g
s
i
s
c
a
u
s
e
d
b
y
t
h
e
m
i
t
e
S
a
r
c
o
p
t
e
s
s
c
a
b
i
e
i
v
a
r
s
u
i
s
w
h
i
c
h
i
s
0
.
5
m
m
i
n
d
i
a
m
e
t
e
r
a
n
d
i
s
b
a
r
e
l
y
v
i
s
i
b
l
e
.
T
h
e
m
i
t
e
i
s
c
i
r
c
u
l
a
r
a
n
d
i
t
c
a
n
b
e
d
i
s
t
i
n
g
u
i
s
h
e
d
f
r
o
m
o
t
h
e
r
s
b
y
t
h
e
p
a
t
t
e
r
n
o
f
s
u
c
k
e
r
a
n
d
b
r
i
s
t
l
e
-
b
e
a
r
i
n
g
l
e
g
s
.
E
f
f
e
c
t
s
o
f
m
a
n
g
e
a
r
e
s
c
r
a
t
c
h
i
n
g
,
.
.
.
T
h
e
p
i
g
l
o
u
s
e
H
a
e
m
a
t
o
p
i
n
u
s
s
u
i
s
i
s
a
l
a
r
g
e
,
y
e
l
l
o
w
i
s
h
-
b
r
o
w
n
l
o
u
s
e
(
5
m
m
)
w
h
i
c
h
m
o
v
e
s
a
b
o
u
t
a
m
o
n
g
s
t
h
a
i
r
s
o
n
t
h
e
p
i
g
'
s
s
k
i
n
a
n
d
m
a
y
b
e
s
e
e
n
m
o
s
t
r
e
a
d
i
l
y
o
n
w
h
i
t
e
p
i
g
s
.
I
t
o
c
c
u
r
s
o
n
l
y
o
n
t
h
e
p
i
g
a
n
d
i
s
m
o
s
t
c
o
m
m
o
n
o
n
t
h
e
f
o
l
d
s
o
f
s
k
i
n
o
f
t
h
e
n
e
c
k
o
r
a
r
o
u
n
d
t
h
e
.
.
.
Leptospirosis occurs worldwide in pigs / swine of all ages. There is also a human risk. The effects of leptospirosis are abortion, infertility, mummies, stillbirths.
Osteochondrosis is a generalized skeletal disease which leads to leg weakness. Leg weakness affects growers / finishers, sows and boars. The effects are rising or difficulty walking, swaying, misshapen limbs.
D
a
m
a
g
e
t
o
t
h
e
f
e
e
t
,
j
o
i
n
t
s
o
r
m
u
s
c
l
e
s
o
f
t
h
e
l
e
g
o
r
t
o
n
e
r
v
e
s
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
l
i
n
g
t
h
e
l
e
g
s
c
a
n
c
a
u
s
e
p
a
i
n
i
n
l
a
m
e
n
e
s
s
a
s
c
a
n
a
n
y
o
f
t
h
e
s
e
s
i
t
e
s
.
E
r
o
s
i
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
s
o
l
e
,
a
n
d
b
r
u
i
s
i
n
g
o
n
t
h
e
h
e
e
l
s
o
f
t
h
e
a
c
c
e
s
s
o
r
y
d
i
g
i
t
s
a
n
d
e
r
o
s
i
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
k
n
e
e
s
i
n
s
u
c
k
i
n
g
p
i
g
l
e
t
s
o
c
c
u
r
s
.
.
.
Japanese encephalitis occurs in Asia and is notifiable in many countries. It affects pigs / swine of all ages plus there is a human risk. The effects are sudden death, fever, nervous signs, abortion, mummies, stillbirths, weak piglets, boar infertility.
Infertility (seasonal: late summer/autumn) occurs worldwide in gilt and sows. The delayed effects are puberty, post-weaning anoestrus, infertility, irregular returns
Effects could be inappetence, sneezing, fever, infertility, small litters, stillbirth and mummies.
P
r
o
l
i
f
e
r
a
t
i
v
e
e
n
t
e
r
o
p
a
t
h
y
o
c
c
u
r
s
w
o
r
l
d
w
i
d
e
,
e
s
p
e
c
i
a
l
l
y
i
n
h
i
g
h
h
e
a
l
t
h
s
t
a
t
u
s
h
e
r
d
s
.
I
t
a
f
f
e
c
t
s
w
e
a
n
e
r
s
,
g
r
o
w
e
r
s
/
f
i
n
i
s
h
e
r
s
,
g
i
l
t
s
.
&
n
b
s
p
;
P
r
o
l
i
f
e
r
a
t
i
v
e
e
n
t
e
r
o
p
a
t
h
y
(
P
E
,
I
l
e
i
t
i
s
)
-
g
e
n
e
r
a
l
t
e
r
m
f
o
r
n
e
c
r
o
t
i
c
e
n
t
e
r
i
t
i
s
(
N
E
)
,
r
e
g
i
o
n
a
l
i
l
e
i
t
i
s
(
R
I
)
,
p
o
r
c
i
n
e
.
.
.
Hypothermia occurs worldwide and can affect pigs / swine of any age but is more serious in newborn piglets. The effects are shivering, pallor, cold skin, lethargy, prone to infection, death.
Hypoglycaemia occurs worldwide in newborn pigs and pre-weaning piglets. The effects are empty abdomen, cold, lethargic, coma, convulsions, death.
Greasy pig occurs worldwide affectings pre-weaning piglets and weaners of all ages. Its effects are brown greasy areas of skin, scales, scabs (no itching), weight loss, death.
Glässer's disease occurs worldwide (some herds free) in piglets pre-weaning, weaners. The effects of Glässer’s disease are fever, inappetence, arthritis, breathing difficulty, cough, nervous signs and death.
G
a
s
t
r
i
c
u
l
c
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
p
a
r
s
o
e
s
o
p
h
a
g
e
a
(
a
p
a
r
t
o
f
t
h
e
s
t
o
m
a
c
h
w
h
i
c
h
i
s
a
n
e
x
t
e
n
s
i
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
e
s
o
p
h
a
g
u
s
o
r
g
u
l
l
e
t
)
i
s
i
m
p
o
r
t
a
n
t
i
n
t
h
e
p
i
g
,
b
u
t
u
l
c
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
g
l
a
n
d
u
l
a
r
p
a
r
t
o
f
t
h
e
s
t
o
m
a
c
h
a
l
s
o
o
c
c
u
r
s
.
I
t
o
c
c
u
r
s
w
o
r
l
d
w
i
d
e
a
n
d
a
f
f
e
c
t
s
w
e
a
n
e
r
s
,
g
r
o
w
e
r
s
/
.
.
.
F
o
o
t
-
a
n
d
-
m
o
u
t
h
d
i
s
e
a
s
e
(
F
M
D
)
o
c
c
u
r
s
i
n
A
f
r
i
c
a
,
A
s
i
a
,
e
a
s
t
e
r
n
E
u
r
o
p
e
;
n
o
t
i
f
i
a
b
l
e
i
n
m
a
n
y
c
o
u
n
t
r
i
e
s
.
A
l
l
a
g
e
s
c
a
n
b
e
a
f
f
e
c
t
e
d
.
F
M
D
i
s
c
a
u
s
e
d
b
y
t
h
e
f
o
o
t
-
a
n
d
-
m
o
u
t
h
d
i
s
e
a
s
e
&
n
b
s
p
;
v
i
r
u
s
.
T
h
e
e
f
f
e
c
t
s
o
f
&
n
b
s
p
;
F
o
o
t
-
a
n
d
-
m
o
u
t
h
&
n
b
s
p
;
a
r
e
l
a
m
e
n
e
s
s
,
b
l
i
s
t
e
r
s
o
n
t
o
n
g
u
e
,
.
.
.
A
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
s
e
p
a
r
a
t
e
c
o
n
d
i
t
i
o
n
s
a
r
e
g
r
o
u
p
e
d
u
n
d
e
r
t
h
i
s
h
e
a
d
i
n
g
.
A
l
l
b
e
g
i
n
w
i
t
h
s
o
m
e
f
o
r
m
o
f
d
e
f
e
c
t
o
r
p
e
n
e
t
r
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
w
a
l
l
o
f
t
h
e
h
o
o
f
o
r
i
t
s
b
e
a
r
i
n
g
s
u
r
f
a
c
e
(
s
o
l
e
a
n
d
h
e
e
l
)
w
h
i
c
h
p
r
o
v
i
d
e
s
a
p
o
i
n
t
o
f
e
n
t
r
y
f
o
r
s
e
c
o
n
d
a
r
y
b
a
c
t
e
r
i
a
l
i
n
v
a
s
i
o
n
.
P
e
n
e
t
r
a
t
i
o
n
s
.
.
.
S
w
i
n
e
f
l
u
i
s
c
a
u
s
e
d
b
y
i
n
f
l
u
e
n
z
a
A
v
i
r
u
s
,
a
n
o
r
t
h
o
m
y
x
o
v
i
r
u
s
w
i
t
h
a
n
R
N
A
a
n
d
p
r
o
t
e
i
n
c
o
r
e
a
n
d
s
u
r
f
a
c
e
s
p
i
k
e
s
b
e
a
r
i
n
g
h
a
e
m
a
g
g
l
u
t
i
n
a
t
i
n
g
(
H
)
a
n
d
n
e
u
r
a
m
i
n
i
d
a
s
e
(
N
)
a
n
t
i
g
e
n
s
.
S
w
i
n
e
f
l
u
a
f
f
e
c
t
s
p
i
g
s
o
f
a
l
l
a
g
e
s
.
I
n
2
0
0
9
,
t
h
e
r
e
w
a
s
a
w
o
r
l
d
w
i
d
e
o
u
t
b
r
e
a
k
i
n
h
u
m
a
n
s
o
r
.
.
.
Facial dermatitis occurs worldwide and affects pre-weaning piglets and effects are wound on the face. The effects are infected wounds on face.
Erysipelas occurs worldwide affecting pigs of all ages. The is also a human health risk involved. Erysipelas effects fever, sudden death, red skin "diamonds", blue extremities, lameness.
Epidemic diarrhoea occurs in pigs of all ages in Europe, China and Taiwan. The effects are diarrhoea, retarded growth, vomiting and death.
EPE occurs in North America, Europe and Taiwan. It affects newborn, piglets pre-weaning, weaners (growers / finishers, sows, boars). The effects of Eperythrozoonosis are pale skin, fever, jaundice, poor growth, infertility.
Enzo Otic pneumonia occurs worldwide (some free herds) in pigs / swine of all ages. The effects of so otic pneumonia are cough, poor growth, death.
Encephalomyocarditis occurs worldwide in pigs of all ages. There is also a human health risk. Encephalomyocarditis is caused by the encephalomyocarditis (EMC) virus, a picornavirus of rodents assigned to the cardiovirus group.
Ear necrosis occurs worldwide and affects weaners and growers/finishers. The major causes of ear necrosis are circulatory disturbance and trauma (damage). The effects are bloody, scabby, black or missing ear tips
Uterine inertia (dystokia, farrowing problems), is when the uterus is no longer capable of expelling the piglets, occurs worldwide in gilts and sows. The effects are 30 minutes delay between births, stillbirths and MMA (mastitis, metritis, agalactia)
D
i
a
r
r
h
o
e
a
;
p
r
e
-
w
e
a
n
i
n
g
o
c
c
u
r
s
i
n
p
r
e
-
w
e
a
n
i
n
g
p
i
g
l
e
t
s
w
o
r
l
d
w
i
d
e
.
&
n
b
s
p
;
R
o
t
a
v
i
r
u
s
i
n
f
e
c
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
c
o
c
c
i
d
i
o
s
i
s
a
r
e
t
h
e
m
a
j
o
r
c
a
u
s
e
s
o
f
p
r
e
-
w
e
a
n
i
n
g
d
i
a
r
r
h
o
e
a
.
O
t
h
e
r
a
g
e
n
t
s
s
u
c
h
a
s
E
.
c
o
l
i
m
a
y
b
e
i
n
v
o
l
v
e
d
a
s
c
o
l
o
s
t
r
a
l
p
r
o
t
e
c
t
i
o
n
w
a
n
e
s
o
r
w
h
e
n
n
e
w
s
t
r
a
i
n
s
a
r
e
.
.
.
Savage piglets (puerperal psychosis, cannibalism) occurs worldwide in gilt. It is most common in filt with their first litters and often associated with fear or nerviousness of the new farrowing environment.
Diarrhoea (scours) - neonatal occurs in newborn pigs worldwide and has a human health risk. A watery diarrhoea appears within 48 hours of birth.
Delayed puberty occurs in gilts worldwide. Puberty is the point of sexual maturity and is generally considered to be the first heat (oestrus) in the gilt.
Diarrhoea; post-weaning occurs in weaners worldwide and has a human health risk. The effects are scour within 10 days of weaning.
C
y
s
t
i
t
i
s
/
p
y
e
l
o
n
e
p
h
r
i
t
i
s
o
c
c
u
r
s
w
o
r
l
d
w
i
d
e
m
a
i
n
l
y
i
n
s
o
w
s
.
I
t
c
a
u
s
e
s
p
u
s
i
n
u
r
i
n
e
,
w
e
i
g
h
t
l
o
s
s
a
n
d
s
u
d
d
e
n
d
e
a
t
h
.
I
t
i
s
c
a
u
s
e
d
b
y
i
n
f
e
c
t
i
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
b
l
a
d
d
e
r
b
y
b
a
c
t
e
r
i
a
w
h
i
c
h
u
s
u
a
l
l
y
r
e
a
c
h
i
t
b
y
a
s
c
e
n
d
i
n
g
t
h
e
u
r
e
t
h
r
a
(
t
h
e
t
u
b
e
l
e
a
d
i
n
g
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
b
l
a
d
d
e
r
t
o
t
h
e
.
.
.
C
y
s
t
i
c
o
v
a
r
i
e
s
o
c
c
u
r
s
i
n
g
i
l
t
s
a
n
d
s
o
w
s
w
o
r
l
d
w
i
d
e
.
C
y
s
t
s
o
v
a
r
i
e
s
&
n
b
s
p
;
a
r
e
c
o
m
m
o
n
l
y
f
o
u
n
d
i
n
t
h
e
o
v
a
r
i
e
s
o
f
s
o
w
s
a
n
d
s
i
n
g
l
e
o
n
e
s
d
o
n
o
t
a
f
f
e
c
t
f
e
r
t
i
l
i
t
y
.
M
u
l
t
i
p
l
e
c
y
s
t
s
o
c
c
u
r
i
n
u
p
t
o
1
0
%
o
f
o
v
a
r
i
e
s
o
f
a
n
o
e
s
t
r
u
s
s
o
w
s
a
n
d
a
r
e
r
e
s
p
o
n
s
i
b
l
e
f
o
r
a
n
o
e
s
t
r
u
s
,
b
u
t
t
h
e
.
.
.
Crushing or on lying occurs worldwide affecting newborn piglets and piglets. The effects are injury or death for the piglet.
Congenital tremor occurs worldwide in newborns. It can be inherited, caused by infectious disease, result from toxicity or be of unknown cause.
Congenital defects occurs worldwide and affects newborns. The effects are inguinal or umbilical hernia ("rupture"), hermaphrodite, cryptorchidism, atresia ani, pityriasis rosea, cysts.
Colitis occurs worldwide in weaners and growers / finishers. Colitis can be caused by nutrition or by infection and is often cause by both.
C
o
c
c
i
d
i
a
a
r
e
s
i
n
g
l
e
c
e
l
l
p
r
o
t
o
z
o
a
n
p
a
r
a
s
i
t
e
s
w
h
i
c
h
m
u
l
t
i
p
l
y
i
n
t
h
e
c
e
l
l
s
l
i
n
i
n
g
t
h
e
i
n
t
e
s
t
i
n
e
.
E
f
f
e
c
t
s
o
f
C
o
c
c
i
d
i
o
s
i
s
a
r
e
p
a
s
t
e
-
l
i
k
e
o
r
w
a
t
e
r
y
d
i
a
r
r
h
o
e
a
,
s
t
u
n
t
i
n
g
,
d
e
a
t
h
i
n
p
i
g
l
e
t
s
.
I
s
o
p
o
r
a
s
u
i
s
i
s
t
h
e
m
a
i
n
p
a
t
h
o
g
e
n
o
f
p
i
g
l
e
t
s
a
n
d
i
s
r
e
s
p
o
n
s
i
b
l
e
f
o
r
t
h
e
m
o
s
t
.
.
.
Clostridial infection can occur worldwide. It affects newborns and piglets pre-weaning. The effects are diarrhoea, dysentery, death.
Classical Swine Fever is eradicated and notifiable in some countries. It affects pigs of all ages.
Bordetellosis occurs worldwide (some herds free) in piglets pre-weaning, weaners, growers / finishers
The effects are sneezing, nose bleed, tear staining, mild snout deformity and poor growth.
I
n
f
e
r
t
i
l
i
t
y
i
n
b
o
a
r
s
i
s
c
a
u
s
e
d
b
y
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
f
a
c
t
o
r
s
.
F
a
i
l
u
r
e
o
f
s
p
e
r
m
p
r
o
d
u
c
t
i
o
n
,
p
r
o
d
u
c
t
i
o
n
o
f
a
b
n
o
r
m
a
l
s
p
e
r
m
,
o
v
e
r
u
s
e
o
f
t
h
e
b
o
a
r
,
p
h
y
s
i
c
a
l
a
b
n
o
r
m
a
l
i
t
i
e
s
o
f
t
h
e
m
a
l
e
g
e
n
i
t
a
l
t
r
a
c
t
w
h
i
c
h
p
r
e
v
e
n
t
d
e
l
i
v
e
r
y
o
f
s
e
m
e
n
a
t
m
a
t
i
n
g
,
p
h
y
s
i
c
a
l
o
r
p
s
y
c
h
o
l
o
g
i
c
a
l
f
a
c
t
o
r
s
.
.
.
D
i
e
t
a
r
y
b
i
o
t
i
n
(
a
w
a
t
e
r
s
o
l
u
b
l
e
B
v
i
t
a
m
i
n
)
i
s
n
o
r
m
a
l
l
y
p
r
e
s
e
n
t
i
n
a
d
e
q
u
a
t
e
a
m
o
u
n
t
s
i
n
p
i
g
r
a
t
i
o
n
s
,
a
l
t
h
o
u
g
h
i
n
f
e
e
d
s
c
o
n
t
a
i
n
i
n
g
w
h
e
a
t
o
r
b
a
r
l
e
y
,
t
h
e
v
i
t
a
m
i
n
m
a
y
b
e
l
e
s
s
r
e
a
d
i
l
y
a
v
a
i
l
a
b
l
e
t
o
p
i
g
s
t
h
a
n
i
n
m
a
i
z
e
-
b
a
s
e
d
d
i
e
t
s
.
I
t
&
n
b
s
p
;
o
c
c
u
r
s
w
o
r
l
d
w
i
d
e
i
n
g
r
o
w
e
r
s
/
.
.
.
Bar biting is a behaviour pattern seen in sows confined in stalls or tether systems. Bar biting affects sows worldwide. The effects are repetitive bar biting behaviour.
A
u
j
e
s
z
k
y
'
s
d
i
s
e
a
s
e
i
s
e
r
a
d
i
c
a
t
e
d
a
n
d
n
o
t
i
f
i
a
b
l
e
i
n
s
o
m
e
c
o
u
n
t
r
i
e
s
.
I
t
o
c
c
u
r
s
i
n
p
i
g
s
o
f
a
l
l
a
g
e
s
.
&
n
b
s
p
;
P
i
g
s
y
o
u
n
g
e
r
t
h
a
n
3
w
e
e
k
s
,
i
n
c
o
o
r
d
i
n
a
t
i
o
n
,
a
p
p
e
t
i
t
e
l
o
s
s
,
d
e
p
r
e
s
s
i
o
n
,
v
o
m
i
t
i
n
g
,
d
i
a
r
r
h
e
a
a
n
d
c
o
n
v
u
l
s
i
o
n
s
m
a
y
o
c
c
u
r
,
t
h
e
n
d
e
a
t
h
o
f
e
n
t
i
r
e
.
.
.
Atrophic rhinitis occurs worldwide (some herds free) in piglets pre-weaning, weaners, (all ages). The effects are sneezing, snuffling, nasal discharge, tear staining, twisting / shortening of snout, poor growth.
A
r
t
h
r
i
t
i
s
o
c
c
u
r
s
w
o
r
l
d
w
i
d
e
a
n
d
a
f
f
e
c
t
s
a
l
l
a
g
e
s
.
N
e
o
n
a
t
a
l
p
i
g
s
m
a
y
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
j
o
i
n
t
i
l
l
n
e
s
s
,
c
a
u
s
e
d
b
y
S
t
r
e
p
t
o
c
o
c
c
u
s
s
u
i
s
t
y
p
e
1
,
a
n
d
l
a
t
e
r
a
t
3
w
e
e
k
s
o
f
a
g
e
m
a
y
b
e
i
n
f
e
c
t
e
d
w
i
t
h
M
y
c
o
p
l
a
s
m
a
h
y
o
r
h
i
n
i
s
o
r
H
a
e
m
o
p
h
i
l
u
s
p
a
r
a
s
u
i
s
(
a
s
a
f
o
r
m
o
f
G
l
&
a
u
m
l
;
s
s
e
r
'
s
.
.
.
Anthrax occurs worldwide, notifiable in many countries. It affects pigs of all ages and there is also a human risk. The effects of the disease are illness, fever, bloody diarrhoea, swollen neck, breathing difficulty, death.
Anoestrus occurs worldwide in gilts and sows. It is the failure to return to heat or no heat by 10 days after weaning.
